Mixture Differential Cryptanalysis: a New Approach to Distinguishers and Attacks on round-reduced AES

Authors

  • Lorenzo Grassi Institute of Applied Information Processing and Communications (IAIK) , Graz University of Technology, Graz, Austria

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.13154/tosc.v2018.i2.133-160

Keywords:

AES, Secret-Key Distinguisher, Key-Recovery Attack, Mixture Differential Cryptanalysis, Truncated Differential, Subspace Trail Cryptanalysis

Abstract

At Eurocrypt 2017 the first secret-key distinguisher for 5-round AES - based on the “multiple-of-8” property - has been presented. Although it allows to distinguish a random permutation from an AES-like one, it seems rather hard to implement a key-recovery attack different than brute-force like using such a distinguisher. In this paper we introduce “Mixture Differential Cryptanalysis” on round-reduced AESlike ciphers, a way to translate the (complex) “multiple-of-8” 5-round distinguisher into a simpler and more convenient one (though, on a smaller number of rounds). Given a pair of chosen plaintexts, the idea is to construct new pairs of plaintexts by mixing the generating variables of the original pair of plaintexts. Here we theoretically prove that for 4-round AES the corresponding ciphertexts of the original pair of plaintexts lie in a particular subspace if and only if the corresponding pairs of ciphertexts of the new pairs of plaintexts have the same property. Such secret-key distinguisher - which is independent of the secret-key, of the details of the S-Box and of the MixColumns matrix (except for the branch number equal to 5) - can be used as starting point to set up new key-recovery attacks on round-reduced AES. Besides a theoretical explanation, we also provide a practical verification both of the distinguisher and of the attack.

Published

2018-06-07

How to Cite

Grassi, L. (2018). Mixture Differential Cryptanalysis: a New Approach to Distinguishers and Attacks on round-reduced AES. IACR Transactions on Symmetric Cryptology, 2018(2), 133–160. https://doi.org/10.13154/tosc.v2018.i2.133-160

Issue

Section

Articles